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Spoken L1 Language:
Columbia-Wenatchi
Classification
open Columbia-Wenatchi
expand all
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▼
Salishan (25)
►
Bella Coola
Kimsquit
Nuxalk
Tallio
►
Coast Salish (16)
►
Central Salish (11)
►
Lushootseed-Puget (2)
►
Northern Lushootseed
Skagit
Snohomish
►
Southern Puget Sound Salish
Duwamish
Muckleshoot
Nisqually
Puyallup
Snoqualmie
Suquh
►
North Georgia Central Salish (3)
►
Comox
Island Comox
Sliammon
Pentlatch
Sechelt
►
South Georgia Central Salish (3)
►
Halkomelem
►
Downriver Halkomelem
Katzie
Kwantlen
Kwikwetlem
Musqueam
Qayqayt
Tsawwassen
Tsleil-Waututh
►
Island Halkomelem
Cowichan
Halalt
Lake Cowichan
Lamalchi
Lyackson
Nanaimo
Nanoose
Penelakut
Stz'uminus
►
Upriver Halkomelem
Chehalis
Chiliwack
Pilaltxw
Sumas
Tait
Nooksack
Squamish
►
Straits Salish (2)
►
Clallam
Becher Bay Klallam
Eastern Klallam
Western Klallam
►
Northern Straits Salish
Lummi
►
Saanich
East Saanich
West Saanich
Samish
Semiahmoo
Songish
Sooke
►
Twana
Quilcene
Skokomish
►
Tillamook
Nehelem
Nuclear Tillamook
Siletz
►
Tsamosan (4)
►
Coastal Tsamosan (2)
Lower Chehalis
►
Quinault
Lower Chehalis (Quinault)
►
Inland Tsamosan (2)
Cowlitz
►
Upper Chehalis
Oakville
Satsop
Tenino Chehalis
▼
Interior Salish (8)
►
Northern Interior Salish (3)
►
Lillooet
Lower Lillooet
Upper Lillooet
►
Thompsonic (2)
►
Shuswap
Eastern Shuswap
Western Shuswap
►
Thompson
Lytton-Canyon
Nicola Valley
▼
Southern Interior Salish (5)
Coeur d'Alene
▼
Columbia-Wenatchi
Columbia
Wenatchi
►
Okanaganic (3)
►
Kalispel-Spokane (2)
►
Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille
Kalispel
Pend D'oreille
Spokane
►
Okanagan
Colville
Lakes Okanagan
Sanpoil
Southern Okanogan
Comments on subclassification
Henry Davis 2020
Lawrence C. Thompson 1979
Endangerment
AES status:
nearly extinct
Source:
Campbell, Lyle and Lee, Nala Huiying and Okura, Eve and Simpson, Sean and Ueki, Kaori 2022
Comment:
Columbian (1696-col) = Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available) (All are elderly, ranging in age from late 60s to mid-80s with most well over 70.)
(see
Golla et al. 2008
)
Glottocode:
colu1241
ISO 639-3:
col
+
−
OpenStreetMap.Mapnik
OpenTopoMap
Stamen.Watercolor
Stamen.Terrain
Stamen.TerrainBackground
USGS.USTopo
USGS.USImagery
USGS.USImageryTopo
Leaflet
|
©
OpenStreetMap
contributors
show big map
Links
[col] at ISO 639-3
[col] at OLAC
[col] at IMTVault
Columbia-Wenatchi at Grambank
Columbia-Wenatchi at WALS
Columbian at Endangered Languages Project
Wikipedia
Wikidata
Alternative names
elcat:
Chelan
Columbia
Columbia-Wenatchi
Columbian
Middle Columbia Cluster
Moses Columbian
Moses-Colombia Salish
Moses-Columbia
Moses-Columbian
Nxaʔamxcín
Wenatchee
Wenatchi-Columbia
lexvo:
Columbia-Wenatchi [en]
moseley & asher (1994):
Columbian
multitree:
Columbia
Columbia-Wenatchi
Columbian
Columbiano
Middle Columbia Cluster
Moses Columbia
Moses Columbian
Moses-Columbian
Nxaʔamxcín
Wenatchi-Columbia
nxaʔamxcín
ruhlen (1987):
Columbia
wals:
Columbia-Wenatchi
Countries
United States [US]
References
⇫
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bibliographical
ethnographic
overview
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socling
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grammar
--any--
anla
asjp2010
bahasa
benjamins
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bowern
cldf
degruyter
eballiso2009
elpub
evobib
fabreall2009ann
gilbertese
gj
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zorcpapers
zurich
citation
Willett, Marie Louise 2003
A Grammatical Sketch of Nxa'amxcin (Moses-Columbia Salish)
2003
476
grammar
cldf
,
glossa
,
hh
,
langsci
,
mpieva
citation
Czaykowska-Higgins, Ewa 1996
What's in a word?: word structure in Moses-Columbia Salish (Nxa?amxcín)
1996
31
grammar_sketch
mpieva
citation
Ewa Czaykowska-Higgins no date
Nxaʔamxcín Dictionary
202
dictionary
hh
citation
M. Dale Kinkade 1981
Dictionary of the Moses-Columbia language (nxaảmxcín)
1981
112
dictionary
hh
citation
M. Dale Kinkade 1982
Transitive inflection in (Moses) Columbian Salish
1982
14
specific_feature
hh
citation
na nd
World Oral Literature Project
text
cldf
citation
John R. Krueger 1967
Miscellanea Selica IV: An interim Columbia (Wenatchee) Salishan vocabulary
1967
7
wordlist
cldf
,
hh
citation
Julian Granberry and Gary S. Vescelius 2004
Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles
2004
167
overview
,
comparative
cldf
,
hh
,
mpieva
citation
Moseley, Christopher 2007
Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages
2007
669
comparative
cldf
,
ozbib
citation
Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Campbell, Lyle 2010
Endangered Languages of the United States
2010
23
comparative
cldf
citation
Swadesh, Morris 1950
Salish internal relationships
1950
11
overview
,
comparative
evobib
,
hh
,
langsci
citation
na 2013
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition
2013
comparative
cldf
citation
ed., Christopher Moseley 2010
Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger
2010
comparative
cldf
citation
William J. Poser 2003
The Status of Documentation for British Columbia Native Languages
2003
40
bibliographical
,
overview
cldf
,
hh
citation
Lewis R. Binford 2001
Constructing frames of reference: an analytical method for archaeological theory building using hunter-gatherer and environmental data sets
2001
563
ethnographic
,
overview
hh
citation
Teit, James A. 1928
The Middle Columbia Salish
1928
46
ethnographic
cldf
,
hh
citation
Ray, V. F. 1942
Plateau
1942
164
ethnographic
cldf
citation
Jay Miller 1983
Middle Columbia River Salishans
1983
18
ethnographic
hh
citation
Czaykowska-Higgins, Ewa and Willet, Marie Louise 1997
Simple Syllables in Nxa?amxcín
1997
27
cldf
,
zurich
citation
Dale Kinkade, M. 1975
The lexical domain of anatomy in Columbian Salish
1975
21
mpieva
citation
Kinkade, Dale 1982
Columbian (Salish) C2- reduplication
1982
7
cldf
,
zurich
citation
Haspelmath, Martin and Dryer, Matthew and Gil, David and Comrie, Bernard 2005
{T}he world atlas of language structures
2005
1112
cldf
,
evobib
,
guldemann
,
langsci
,
ozbib
citation
Golla, Victor and Goddard, Ives and Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne and Mixco, Mauricio 2008
North America
2008
35
cldf
Showing 1 to 23 of 23 entries
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