Sommer, Gabriele. 1992. A Survey on Language Death in Africa. In Brenzinger, Matthias (ed.), Language Death: Factual and Theoretical Explorations with Special Reference to East Africa, 301-413. Berlin/New York: Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. doi: 10.1515/9783110870602.301.
@incollection{22309,
address = {Berlin/New York},
author = {Sommer, Gabriele},
booktitle = {Language Death: Factual and Theoretical Explorations with Special Reference to East Africa},
editor = {Brenzinger, Matthias},
pages = {301-413},
publisher = {Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter},
series = {Contributions to the sociology of language, #64},
title = {A Survey on Language Death in Africa},
url = {http://www.degruyter.com/view/books/9783110870602/9783110870602.301/9783110870602.301.xml},
volume = {25},
year = {1992},
bestfn = {africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992v2_o.pdf},
besttxt = {ptxt2\africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992v3_o.txt},
cfn = {africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992v2_o.pdf},
citekeys = {cldf9:cf6b64f1895f95a49ac3ff4cf7293543},
copied_from = {EBALL},
doi = {10.1515/9783110870602.301},
fn = {africa\sommer_lg-death-africa1992.pdf, africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992_o.pdf, africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992v2_o.pdf, africa\sommer_language-death-africa1992v3_o.pdf},
guldemann_location = {TG},
hhtype = {overview;socling},
inlg = {English [eng]},
isreferencedby = {cldf9},
jfmnote = {Survey of endangered languages in Africa, with individual sections for Agara'iwa (304), Ajawa (304), Ake (304), Akie (305-306), Alagwa (306-307), Amdang (307-308), Animere (308-309), Argobba (309), Asa (309-310), Azer (310-311), Banta (312), Basa Kontagora (312-313), Bati (313), Bayso (313-314), Bedik (314), Beeke (314), Berti (314-315), Bete (315), Beygo (315-316), Birgid (316), Bir(r)i (316-317), Bobe (318), Bodo (318-319), Bolem (319-322), Bonek (322-323), Bong'om (323), Boni (323-324), Boro (324-325), Buga (325), Burji (325-326), Burunge (326-327), Buso (327), Buy (327-328), Cena (328-329), Chamo (329), Coptic (329-330), Dahalo (330-332), Dama (332-333), 'Degere' (333-334), Deti (334-335), Dongo Ko (335-336), Dulbu (336), Dungi (336-337), Ega (337), Egyptian Nubian (337-338), Ehobe Belon (338-339), El Hugeirat (339), Eliri (339-340), Elmolo (340-341), Fumu (341), Gafat (341-342), Galke (342), Gamo (342-343), Gana (343-344), Ganjule (344), Geez (344-345), 'Gemsbok Nama' (345), Geteme (345), Gomba (346), Guanche (346), Gubi (346-347), Gule (347), Gwara (347-348), Gweno (348-349), Gyem (349-350), Haal (350), Hadza (350-351), Hamba (351), Haraza (351-352), Holma (352), Homa (352), Isuwu (352-353), Izora (353-354), Jelkuna (354-355), Jimi (355), Ju (355), Kakolo (355-356), Kande (356), Kazibati (356-357), Kiballo (357), Kidie Lafofa (357-358), Kimanteney/Quara (358-359), Kinare (359), Kinuku (359-360), Kiong (360), Kir (360-361), Kole (361), Kooki (361), Kora (361-362), Kore (362), Kpan = Bissaula and Eregba (362-363), Kpati (363), Kreish language group (363-364), Kudu (364), Kupto (364-365), Kwadi (365), Kwadza (365-366), Kwegu (366-367), Kwisi (367), Ligbi (367-369), Lorkoti (369), Lufu (369), 'Lugha ya Zamani' (369-370), Luri (370), Mampoko (370-371), Mangas (371), Mboa (371), Mbondo (371), Mbong (372), Meroitic (372-373), Mongoba (373), Muskum (373-374), Nagumi (374), Napore (374-375), Ndam of Dik (375), Ngbee (375-376), Ngbinda (376), Nimbari (376), Ningi (377), Nyang'i (377), Old Mfengu (377-378), Omo-Murle (378), Omotik (379), Ongamo (380), Poko (380-381), Putai (381), Rishi (381-382), Sarwa (382), Segeju (382-383), Seki (383), Shabo (383-384), Shanga (384-385), Shau (385-386), Sheni (386), ShiChopi = Lenge (386-387), Shirawa (387), Singa (387-388), So (388-389), Sogoo (389), southern Khoisan (390), Suba (390-392), Tagbu (392), Taita Cushitic (392-394), Taura (394), Tenet (394-395), Terik (395), Tijanji (395-396), Togoyo (396), Tyanga (396-397), Ware (397), Wetu (397-398), Weyto (398-399), Xamtanga = Abergelle Agaw (399-400), Xiri (400), Yaaku (400-401), Yashi (401), Yei (401-402), Zaramo (402), Zenaga (402), Ziriya (403).},
keywords = {;afr;ssa;naf;waf;caf;nea;eaf;saf;lng;scl;bbl;bnt;a.15c;a.221;a.23;a.231;a.32b;a.461;a.52;a.65;b.21;b.32;b.77b;c.31a;d.303;d.304;d.332;d.335;d.336;e.65;e.731;e.732;g.33;g.42c;j.e.15x;j.e.403;j.e.406;j.e.407;l.32x;r.102;r.41;s.401;s.611;t.122;t.175;t.286;t.338;t.341;t.371;t.372;t.373;t.374;t.383;t.385;t.386;t.388;t.391;t.392;t.396;t.451;t.454;t.492;u.168;u.171;u.188;u.401;u.402;u.464;u.467;u.473;u.521;u.554;u.711k;u.721;u.724;u.725;u.785;u.786;u.851;u.855;u.856;u.873;u.874;u.934;u.935;v.126;v.131d;v.131e;v.132;v.142;v.143j;v.143k;v.143m;v.143n;v.143o;v.155;v.162;v.163;v.167;v.180;v.185;v.186;v.187;v.315;v.428;v.434;v.481;v.522;v.633;v.711;v.731;w.002;w.200;w.311h;w.312;w.311;w.313;w.321;w.351;w.501;x.102;x.161;x.221;x.232;x.234;x.322;x.323;x.324;x.331;x.352;x.354;x.356;x.361;x.371;x.374;x.375;x.376;x.377;x.378;x.423;x.424;x.501;x.502;x.503;x.513d;x.518g;x.521b;x.521c;x.522b;x.532e;x.532g;x.534j;x.538f;x.542b;x.561e;x.561h;x.631;y.001;y.002;y.003;y.004;y.005;y.006;y.015;},
lgcode = {Alagwa [wbj], Birri [bvq], Napore extinct dialect of Karimojong = Karimojong [kdj], Xamtanga [xan], Zaramo [zaj], Qimant [ahg], Luri [ldd], Bete-Bendi [btt], Togoyo [tgy], Zenaga [zen], Animere [anf], Burji [bji], Ngasa [nsg], Yeyi [yey], Haraza [NOCODE_Haraza], Singa [sgm], Putai [mfl], Machame [jmc], Kande [kbs], Janji [jni], Kwadi [kwz], Isu (Fako Division) [szv], Tuotomb [ttf], Dungu [dbv], Swahili (individual language) [swh], Hamba [NOCODE_Hamba], Nding [eli], Ziriya = Sheni [scv], El Molo [elo], Xiri [xii], Kpati [koc], Sarua [swy], Muskum [mje], Poko = Batanga [bnm], Bobe = Bubia = Wumboko [bqm], Bete [byf], Baygo [byg], Nyang'i [nyp], Morokodo [mgc], Amharic [amh], Kwadza [wka], Lame [bma], Otuho [lot], Ware [wre], Dahalo [dal], Geez [gez], Vono [kch], Budu [buu], Kiong [kkm], Jimi (Nigeria) [jmi], Tagbu [tbm], Ju [juu], Okiek [oki], Kinuku [kkd], Cameroon Mambila [mcu], Kachama-Ganjule [kcx], Omotik [omt], Argobba [agj], Dilling [dil], Gamo-Ningi [bte], Unknown Cushitic, Dimbong [dii], Birked [brk], Bedik [tnr], Didinga [did], Tennet [tex], Dama [dmm], Kutto [kpa], Kwegu [xwg], Guanche [gnc], Hasha [ybj], Shabo [sbf], Ake [aik], Gbaya (Sudan) [krs], Teke-Fuumu [ifm], Lere [gnh], Kpan [kpk], Sanga (Nigeria) [xsn], Shanga [sho], Sabaot [spy], Suba [sxb], Timne [tem], Terik [tec], Masai [mas], Gafat [gft], Segeju [seg], Korana [kqz], Amdang [amj], Hadza [hts], Bati (Cameroon) [btc], Kadaru [kdu], Dama [NOCODE_Dama], Kir-Balar [kkr], Soo [teu], Degere [NOCODE_Degere], Ngbinda [nbd], Yaaku [muu], Likila [lie], Bakole [kme], Ligbi [lig], Boro [xxb], Murle [mur], Reshe [res], Ngbee [jgb], Homa [hom], Kagoro [xkg], Mongoba = Mongoba-Kazibati [NOCODE_Mongoba-Kazibati], Ajawa [ajw], Bata [bta], Nama (Namibia) [naq], Cineni [cie], Burunge [bds], Coptic [cop], Ndai [gke], Lafofa [laf], Beeke [bkf], Baiso [bsw], Nimbari [nmr], Aasáx [aas], Kyenga [tye], Seki [syi], Krim = Bom-Kim [bmf], Holma [hod], Bassa-Kontagora [bsr], Buso [bso], Cishingini [asg], Kazibati = Mongoba-Kazibati [NOCODE_Mongoba-Kazibati], Kwisi [NOCODE_Kwisi], Kobiana [kcj], Bassari [bsc], Gweno [gwe], Taita [NOCODE_Taita], Ndam [ndm], Dongo [doo], Marghi Central [mrt], Mono (Cameroon) [mru], Gule [gly], Kasanga [ccj], Ghulfan [ghl], Sherbro [bun], Aweer [bob], Dair [drb], Berti [byt] (autotranslated from Maho's coding system)},
local_ids = {79099},
macro_area = {Africa},
notes = {Deals with Agara'iwa (304), Ajawa (304), Ake (304), Akie (305-306), Alagwa (306-307), Amdang (307-308), Animere (308-309), Argobba (309), Asa (309-310), Azer (310-311), Banta (312), Basa Kontagora (312-313), Bati (313), Bayso (313-314), Bedik (314), Beeke (314), Berti (314-315), Bete (315), Beygo (315-316), Birgid (316), Bir(r)i (316-317), Bobe (318), Bodo (318-319), Bolem (319-322), Bonek (322-323), Bong'om (323), Boni (323-324), Boro (324-325), Buga (325), Burji (325-326), Burunge (326-327), Buso (327), Buy (327-328), Cena (328-329), Chamo (329), Coptic (329-330), Dahalo (330-332), Dama (332-333), "Degere" (333-334), Deti (334-335), Dongo Ko (335-336), Dulbu (336), Dungi (336-337), Ega (337), Egyptian Nubian (337-338), Ehobe Belon (338-339), El Hugeirat (339), Eliri (339-340), Elmolo (340-341), Fumu (341), Gafat (341-342), Galke (342), Gamo (342-343), Gana (343-344), Ganjule (344), Geez (344-345), "Gemsbok Nama" (345), Geteme (345), Gomba (346), Guanche (346), Gubi (346-347), Gule (347), Gwara (347-348), Gweno (348-349), Gyem (349-350), Haal (350), Hadza (350-351), Hamba (351), Haraza (351-352), Holma (352), Homa (352), Isuwu (352-353), Izora (353-354), Jelkuna (354-355), Jimi (355), Ju (355), Kakolo (355-356), Kande (356), Kazibati (356-357), Kiballo (357), Kidie Lafofa (357-358), Kimanteney/Quara (358-359), Kinare (359), Kinuku (359-360), Kiong (360), Kir (360-361), Kole (361), Kooki (361), Kora (361-362), Kore (362), Kpan = Bissaula and Eregba (362-363), Kpati (363), Kreish language group (363-364), Kudu (364), Kupto (364-365), Kwadi (365), Kwadza (365-366), Kwegu (366-367), Kwisi (367), Ligbi (367-369), Lorkoti (369), Lufu (369), "Lugha ya Zamani" (369-370), Luri (370), Mampoko (370-371), Mangas (371), Mboa (371), Mbondo (371), Mbong (372), Meroitic (372-373), Mongoba (373), Muskum (373-374), Nagumi (374), Napore (374-375), Ndam of Dik (375), Ngbee (375-376), Ngbinda (376), Nimbari (376), Ningi (377), Nyang'i (377), Old Mfengu (377-378), Omo-Murle (378), Omotik (379), Ongamo (380), Poko (380-381), Putai (381), Rishi (381-382), Sarwa (382), Segeju (382-383), Seki (383), Shabo (383-384), Shanga (384-385), Shau (385-386), Sheni (386), ShiChopi = Lenge (386-387), Shirawa (387), Singa (387-388), So (388-389), Sogoo (389), southern Khoisan (390), Suba (390-392), Tagbu (392), Taita Cushitic (392-394), Taura (394), Tenet (394-395), Terik (395), Tijanji (395-396), Togoyo (396), Tyanga (396-397), Ware (397), Wetu (397-398), Weyto (398-399), Xamtanga = Abergelle Agaw (399-400), Xiri (400), Yaaku (400-401), Yashi (401), Yei (401-402), Zaramo (402), Zenaga (402), Ziriya (403).},
src = {cldf, degruyter, eballiso2009, guldemann, hh, weball},
subject_headings = {afr, ssa, naf, waf, caf, nea, eaf, saf, lng, scl, bbl, bnt, a.15c, a.221, a.23, a.231, a.32b, a.461, a.52, a.65, b.21, b.32, b.77b, c.31, d.303, d.304, d.332, d.335, d.336, j.e.406, e.65, e.731, e.732, g.33, g.42c, j.e.15, j.e.403, j.e.407, l.32, r.122, r.41, s.401, s.611, t.122, t.122, t.122, t.122, t.176, t.286, t.331, t.341, t.371, t.371, t.371, t.371, t.372, t.372, t.373, t.373, t.374, t.383, t.385, t.386, t.388, t.391, t.392, t.396, t.451, t.454, t.492, u.851, u.855, u.856, u.873, u.874, u.711, u.724, u.725, u.741, u.785, u.786, u.151, u.168, u.188, u.521, u.554, u.554, u.401, u.402, u.464, u.467, u.470, u.934, u.935, v.126, v.131, v.131, v.132, v.142, v.143, v.143, v.143, v.143, v.144, v.155, v.162, v.163, v.167, v.180, v.185, v.186, v.187, v.315, v.428, v.434, v.481, v.621, v.921, v.923, v.933, w.002, w.200, w.311, w.312, w.313, w.321, w.351, w.501, x.102, x.161, x.221, x.232, x.234, x.322, x.323, x.324, x.331, x.352, x.354, x.356, x.361, x.371, x.374, x.375, x.376, x.377, x.378, x.423, x.423, x.424, x.501, x.502, x.503, x.513, x.518, x.521, x.521, x.521, x.522, x.532, x.532, x.534, x.538, x.542, x.561, x.561, x.605, y.001, y.002, y.003, y.004, y.005, y.006, y.015}
}
| Name in source | Glottolog languoid |
|---|---|
| Alagwa | |
| Birri | |
| Napore extinct dialect of Karimojong | |
| Xamtanga | |
| Zaramo | |
| Qimant | |
| Luri | |
| Bete-Bendi | |
| Togoyo | |
| Zenaga | |
| Animere | |
| Burji | |
| Ngasa | |
| Yeyi | |
| Haraza | |
| Singa | |
| Putai | |
| Machame | |
| Kande | |
| Janji | |
| Kwadi | |
| Isu (Fako Division) | |
| Tuotomb | |
| Dungu | |
| Swahili (individual language) | |
| Hamba | |
| Nding | |
| Ziriya | |
| El Molo | |
| Xiri | |
| Kpati | |
| Sarua | |
| Muskum | |
| Poko | |
| Bobe = Bubia | |
| Bete | |
| Baygo | |
| Nyang'i | |
| Morokodo | |
| Amharic | |
| Kwadza | |
| Lame | |
| Otuho | |
| Ware | |
| Dahalo | |
| Geez | |
| Vono | |
| Budu | |
| Kiong | |
| Jimi (Nigeria) | |
| Tagbu | |
| Ju | |
| Okiek | |
| Kinuku | |
| Cameroon Mambila | |
| Kachama-Ganjule | |
| Omotik | |
| Argobba | |
| Dilling | |
| Gamo-Ningi | |
| Unknown Cushitic | |
| Dimbong | |
| Birked | |
| Bedik | |
| Didinga | |
| Tennet | |
| Dama | |
| Kutto | |
| Kwegu | |
| Guanche | |
| Hasha | |
| Shabo | |
| Ake | |
| Gbaya (Sudan) | |
| Teke-Fuumu | |
| Lere | |
| Kpan | |
| Sanga (Nigeria) | |
| Shanga | |
| Sabaot | |
| Suba | |
| Timne | |
| Terik | |
| Masai | |
| Gafat | |
| Segeju | |
| Korana | |
| Amdang | |
| Hadza | |
| Bati (Cameroon) | |
| Kadaru | |
| Dama | |
| Kir-Balar | |
| Soo | |
| Degere | |
| Ngbinda | |
| Yaaku | |
| Likila | |
| Bakole | |
| Ligbi | |
| Boro | |
| Murle | |
| Reshe | |
| Ngbee | |
| Homa | |
| Kagoro | |
| Mongoba | |
| Ajawa | |
| Bata | |
| Nama (Namibia) | |
| Cineni | |
| Burunge | |
| Coptic | |
| Ndai | |
| Lafofa | |
| Beeke | |
| Baiso | |
| Nimbari | |
| Aasáx | |
| Kyenga | |
| Seki | |
| Krim | |
| Holma | |
| Bassa-Kontagora | |
| Buso | |
| Cishingini | |
| Kazibati | |
| Kwisi | |
| Kobiana | |
| Bassari | |
| Gweno | |
| Taita | |
| Ndam | |
| Dongo | |
| Marghi Central | |
| Mono (Cameroon) | |
| Gule | |
| Kasanga | |
| Ghulfan | |
| Sherbro | |
| Aweer | |
| Dair | |
| Berti (autotranslated from Maho's coding system)] |