Shearer, Walter & Hongkai Sun. 2017. An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press. xxxvi+1563pp. (3 vols.)
@book{667668, address = {Lewiston, NY}, author = {Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai}, note = {3 vols.}, pages = {xxxvi+1563}, publisher = {Edwin Mellen Press}, title = {An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution}, year = {2017}, besttxt = {ptxt2\eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.txt}, cfn = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf}, fn = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017.pdf, eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf}, hhtype = {overview;minimal}, inlg = {English [eng]}, langnote = {Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N said to be unintelligible (p516) but not quite convincing (need to see Sun 2007).}, lgcode = {Han, Zang, Monpa = Menba, Baima, Tsanglo, Keman = Geman = Miju-Mishmi [mxj], Darang = Tawra [mhu], Idu, Bengni-Bokar, Damu-Bokar = Damu [NOCODE_Damu], Lewai = Bengru = Bangru [NOCODE_Bangru], Sulong, Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu), Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian, Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui, Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan, Primi-S, Primi-N, Munya-E, Munya-W, Jiarong-E, Jiarong-N Chabao, Jiarong-N Sidaba, Ergong, Lavrung, Ersu, Doxu, Lisu, Namuyi, Shihing = Shixing [sxg], Guichawng = Guiqiong = Guiqiong [gqi], Ndrapa = Zhaba, Choyu = Queyu, Chingpo, Trung, Anung, Yi-NN-Shengzha= Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Yinuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Tianba = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Butuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi = Nuosu [iii], Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian), Yi-E-Qianxi = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Bijie = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Dafang = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Weining = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-Hezhang = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Hen-Ke = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Mangbu, Yi-E-Wumeng, Yi-E-Pannan = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Panbei = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Wu-Lu = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Qiao-Wu, Yi-E-Wuding, Yi-E-Xundian = Gepo [ygp], Yi-E-Kun-An, Yi-S-Gejiu, Yi-S-Shiping = Eastern Nisu [nos], Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu = Nisu-Southern [nsd], Yi-S-Mojiang, Yi-S-E-Xin = Nisu-Northern [yiv], Yi-W-Dongshan, Yi-S-Xishan, Yi-S-Talu = Lavu-Yongsheng-Talu [yta], Yi-SE-Yiliang, Yi-SE-Mile, Yi-SE-Hua-Mi, Yi-SE-Wen-Xi, Yi-SE-Gasu = Kathu [ykt], Yi-C-Nanhua, Yi-C-Dayao, Tolo, Lisu-Luchuan = Lipo [lpo], Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng = Lisu [lis], Lahuna = Lahu [lhu], Lahuxi = Lahu Shi [lhi], Kucong = Kucong [lkc], Lahupu = Lahu [lhu], Lahu Alai = Lahu Shi [lhi], Hani, Sadu = Sadu [NOCODE_Sadu], Kino-Youle, Kino-Buyuan, Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N, Zauzou [zal], Katso = Katso [kaf], Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou), Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie) = Yongning [nru], Mbisu = Bisu [bzi], Sangkong [sgk], Muang = Maang = Maang [NOCODE_Maang], Tujia-N = Northern Tujia [tji], Tujia-S, Bai-Jianchuan = Bai-Central [bca], Bai-Dali, Bai-Nujiang, Achang-Longchan, Achang-Luxi, Achang-Lianghe [NOCODE_Lianghe-Achang], Kantau = Xiandao, Tsaiva = Zaiwa, Lechi, Lawngvaw = Langsu, Pela = Bola, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western = Western Xiangxi Miao [mmr], Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern = Eastern Xiangxi Miao [muq], Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern = Northern Qiandong Miao [hea], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern = Eastern Qiandong Miao [hmq], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern = Southern Qiandong Miao [hms], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western, Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect One = CQD1 = Dananshan Miao [cqd], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect Three = CQD3 = Dashanjiao = CQD3 closest to Hmong Sha = Hmong Daw [mww], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei) = Miao-Large Flowery [hmd], Huishui Northern (Jiading) = Huishui N = Northern Huishui Hmong [hmi], Guiyang Northern (Qingyan) = Northern Guiyang Hmong [huj], Guiyang NW (Tieshi) = Southern Guiyang Hmong [hmy], Guiyang SC (Hongyan) = Miao-Southern Guiyang [hmy], Mashan C = Central Mashan Hmong [hmm], Mashan SE (Baba village of Muyin township in Luodian county) = Miao-Central Mashan [hmm], Mashan SW = Southern Mashan Hmong [hma], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe = Miao-Luopohe [hml], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang = Ge [hmj], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang N closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan = CQD [cqd], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang E closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan = CQD [cqd], Punu-Bunu-Dongnu, Punu-Bunu-Nunu, Punu-Bunu-Nunuo, Punu-Baonao, Punu-Numao-Numao, Punu-Numao-Dongmeng, Pahng-Baheng-N = Pa-Hng [pha], Pahng-Baheng-S = Pa-Hng [pha], Pahng-Ngnai = Wunai Bunu [bwn], Yunuo = Younuo Bunu [buh], Kyongnai = Jiongnai, Pana = Pa Na [NOCODE_Pa-Na], She, Mian-Iu Mien, Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun, Biaomin, Zaomin, Northern Chuang-Guibei, Northern Chuang-Liujiang, Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe, Northern Chuang-Yongbei, Northern Chuang-Youjiang, Northern Chuang-Guibian, Northern Chuang-Qiubei, Northern Chuang-Lianshan, Southern Chuang-Yongnan, Southern Chuang-Zuojiang, Southern Chuang-De-Jing, Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang, Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma, Buyei, Tai-Xishuangbanna, Tai-Dehong, Tai-Jinping, Tai-Hong-Jin, Limkau = Lingao [onb], Kam-Northern, Kam-Southern, Mulam, Lakkya = Lajia, Kangpau = Biao Hua = Shidong Biao [byk], Sui, Maunan = Maonan [mmd], Lautung = Chadong, Mak, Yanghuang = T'en [tct], Menni = Caijia, Hlai-Ha, Hlai-Qi, Hlai-Bendi, Hlai-Meifu, Hlai-Jiamao, Nadou = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Fawn = Cun = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Klau-Gao, Klau-A'ou = A'ou [aou], Klau-Hagei, Klau-Duoluo, Gau = Yiren = Yiren = Gau [NOCODE_Gau-Yiren], Lachi, Kawo = Mulao = Gelao Mulao [giu], Buyang-W, Buyang-E-Napo, Buyang-E-Ma = E'ma Buyang [yzg], Buyang-Lang-Nian = Langnian Buyang [yln], Kabiau,Baraoke-Aishuai = Wa-Parauk [prk], Baraoke-Banhong, Baraoke-Dazhai, Awa-Masan, Awa-Awalai, Awa-Damangnuo, Awa-Xiyun = Xiyun Va [NOCODE_Xiyun-Va], Wa, Manmet = Kemie, Ta'ang-Na'ang = Palaung-Rumai [rbb], Ta'ang-Ruomai, Ta'ang-Bulei, Plang-Bulang, Plang-Wu, Hu = Hu [huo], Bumang, Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan = Bugan [bbh], Mang, Kemu, Pushing = Buxing, Kin = Jing = Gin, Paliu = Lai = Bolyu, Northern Amis, Sakizaya, Tavalong-Vata'an, Central Amis, Chengkun-Guangshan Amis, Southern Amis, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Bunun = Bunun [bnn], Tsou, Sa'aroa = Saaroa [sxr], Kanakanavu = Kanakanabu [xnb], Atayal [tay], Seediq = Saideke, Saisiyat, Pazeh, Thao, Yami, Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat = Tsat [huq], Korean, Manchu, Xibo, Nanai-Kilen, Nanai-Hezhen, Ewenki, Orochen, Menggu Nei, Menggu Weilate, Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate, Daghur [dta], Mongor Huzhu, Mongor Minhe, Dongxiang, Paonang = Bao'an, Kangjia [kxs], Eastern Yoghur, Uighur, Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek, Kazakh = Hasake, Tatar, Salar, Kirghiz, Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu, Tuva = Tuwa, Khakas, Tu'erke = Ili Turk = Ili Turki [ili], Sarikhul, Wakhan, Russian [rus], Aynu, Dao = Daohua [NOCODE_Daohua], E = Ai = Wusehua = E [eee], Macanese, Tangwang, Tsa = Dza = Zakhring [zkr], Wutun}, macro_area = {Eurasia, Papunesia}, src = {hh} }
Name in source | Glottolog languoid |
---|---|
Han | |
Zang | |
Monpa = Menba | |
Baima | |
Tsanglo | |
Keman = Geman | |
Darang | |
Idu | |
Bengni-Bokar | |
Damu-Bokar | |
Lewai = Bengru | |
Sulong | |
Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu) | |
Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian | |
Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing | |
Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan | |
Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan | |
Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian | |
Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui | |
Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan | |
Primi-S | |
Primi-N | |
Munya-E | |
Munya-W | |
Jiarong-E | |
Jiarong-N Chabao | |
Jiarong-N Sidaba | |
Ergong | |
Lavrung | |
Ersu | |
Doxu | |
Lisu | |
Namuyi | |
Shihing | |
Guichawng = Guiqiong | |
Ndrapa = Zhaba | |
Choyu = Queyu | |
Chingpo | |
Trung | |
Anung | |
Yi-NN-Shengzha | |
Yi-NN-Yinuo | |
Yi-NN-Tianba | |
Yi-NS-Butuo | |
Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi | |
Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian) | |
Yi-E-Qianxi | |
Yi-E-Bijie | |
Yi-E-Dafang | |
Yi-E-Weining | |
Yi-Hezhang | |
Yi-E-Hen-Ke | |
Yi-E-Mangbu | |
Yi-E-Wumeng | |
Yi-E-Pannan | |
Yi-E-Panbei | |
Yi-E-Wu-Lu | |
Yi-E-Qiao-Wu | |
Yi-E-Wuding | |
Yi-E-Xundian | |
Yi-E-Kun-An | |
Yi-S-Gejiu | |
Yi-S-Shiping | |
Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu | |
Yi-S-Mojiang | |
Yi-S-E-Xin | |
Yi-W-Dongshan | |
Yi-S-Xishan | |
Yi-S-Talu | |
Yi-SE-Yiliang | |
Yi-SE-Mile | |
Yi-SE-Hua-Mi | |
Yi-SE-Wen-Xi | |
Yi-SE-Gasu | |
Yi-C-Nanhua | |
Yi-C-Dayao | |
Tolo | |
Lisu-Luchuan | |
Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng | |
Lahuna | |
Lahuxi | |
Kucong | |
Lahupu | |
Lahu Alai | |
Hani | |
Sadu | |
Kino-Youle | |
Kino-Buyuan | |
Nusu-C | |
Nusu-S | |
Nusu-N | |
Zauzou | |
Katso | |
Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou) | |
Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie) | |
Mbisu | |
Sangkong | |
Muang = Maang | |
Tujia-N | |
Tujia-S | |
Bai-Jianchuan | |
Bai-Dali | |
Bai-Nujiang | |
Achang-Longchan | |
Achang-Luxi | |
Achang-Lianghe | |
Kantau = Xiandao | |
Tsaiva = Zaiwa | |
Lechi | |
Lawngvaw = Langsu | |
Pela = Bola | |
Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western | |
Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern | |
Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern | |
Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern | |
Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern | |
Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect One = CQD1 | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect Three = CQD3 = Dashanjiao = CQD3 closest to Hmong Sha | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei) | |
Huishui Northern (Jiading) = Huishui N | |
Guiyang Northern (Qingyan) | |
Guiyang NW (Tieshi) | |
Guiyang SC (Hongyan) | |
Mashan C | |
Mashan SE (Baba village of Muyin township in Luodian county) | |
Mashan SW | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang N closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan | |
Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang E closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan | |
Punu-Bunu-Dongnu | |
Punu-Bunu-Nunu | |
Punu-Bunu-Nunuo | |
Punu-Baonao | |
Punu-Numao-Numao | |
Punu-Numao-Dongmeng | |
Pahng-Baheng-N | |
Pahng-Baheng-S | |
Pahng-Ngnai | |
Yunuo | |
Kyongnai = Jiongnai | |
Pana | |
She | |
Mian-Iu Mien | |
Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun | |
Biaomin | |
Zaomin | |
Northern Chuang-Guibei | |
Northern Chuang-Liujiang | |
Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe | |
Northern Chuang-Yongbei | |
Northern Chuang-Youjiang | |
Northern Chuang-Guibian | |
Northern Chuang-Qiubei | |
Northern Chuang-Lianshan | |
Southern Chuang-Yongnan | |
Southern Chuang-Zuojiang | |
Southern Chuang-De-Jing | |
Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang | |
Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma | |
Buyei | |
Tai-Xishuangbanna | |
Tai-Dehong | |
Tai-Jinping | |
Tai-Hong-Jin | |
Limkau | |
Kam-Northern | |
Kam-Southern | |
Mulam | |
Lakkya = Lajia | |
Kangpau = Biao Hua | |
Sui | |
Maunan | |
Lautung = Chadong | |
Mak | |
Yanghuang | |
Menni = Caijia | |
Hlai-Ha | |
Hlai-Qi | |
Hlai-Bendi | |
Hlai-Meifu | |
Hlai-Jiamao | |
Nadou | |
Fawn = Cun | |
Klau-Gao | |
Klau-A'ou | |
Klau-Hagei | |
Klau-Duoluo | |
Gau = Yiren = Yiren | |
Lachi | |
Kawo = Mulao | |
Buyang-W | |
Buyang-E-Napo | |
Buyang-E-Ma | |
Buyang-Lang-Nian | |
Kabiau | |
Baraoke-Aishuai | |
Baraoke-Banhong | |
Baraoke-Dazhai | |
Awa-Masan | |
Awa-Awalai | |
Awa-Damangnuo | |
Awa-Xiyun | |
Wa | |
Manmet = Kemie | |
Ta'ang-Na'ang | |
Ta'ang-Ruomai | |
Ta'ang-Bulei | |
Plang-Bulang | |
Plang-Wu | |
Hu | |
Bumang | |
Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan | |
Mang | |
Kemu | |
Pushing = Buxing | |
Kin = Jing = Gin | |
Paliu = Lai = Bolyu | |
Northern Amis | |
Sakizaya | |
Tavalong-Vata'an | |
Central Amis | |
Chengkun-Guangshan Amis | |
Southern Amis | |
Kavalan | |
Paiwan | |
Puyuma | |
Rukai | |
Bunun | |
Tsou | |
Sa'aroa | |
Kanakanavu | |
Atayal | |
Seediq = Saideke | |
Saisiyat | |
Pazeh | |
Thao | |
Yami | |
Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat | |
Korean | |
Manchu | |
Xibo | |
Nanai-Kilen | |
Nanai-Hezhen | |
Ewenki | |
Orochen | |
Menggu Nei | |
Menggu Weilate | |
Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate | |
Daghur | |
Mongor Huzhu | |
Mongor Minhe | |
Dongxiang | |
Paonang = Bao'an | |
Kangjia | |
Eastern Yoghur | |
Uighur | |
Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek | |
Kazakh = Hasake | |
Tatar | |
Salar | |
Kirghiz | |
Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu | |
Tuva = Tuwa | |
Khakas | |
Tu'erke = Ili Turk | |
Sarikhul | |
Wakhan | |
Russian | |
Aynu | |
Dao | |
E = Ai = Wusehua | |
Macanese | |
Tangwang | |
Tsa = Dza | |
Wutun |