Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai 2017

Shearer, Walter & Hongkai Sun. 2017. An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press. xxxvi+1563pp. (3 vols.)

@book{667668,
  address    = {Lewiston, NY},
  author     = {Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai},
  note       = {3 vols.},
  pages      = {xxxvi+1563},
  publisher  = {Edwin Mellen Press},
  title      = {An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution},
  year       = {2017},
  besttxt    = {ptxt2\eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.txt},
  cfn        = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf},
  fn         = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017.pdf, eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf},
  hhtype     = {overview;minimal},
  inlg       = {English [eng]},
  langnote   = {Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N said to be unintelligible (p516) but not quite convincing (need to see Sun 2007).},
  lgcode     = {Han, Zang, Monpa = Menba, Baima, Tsanglo, Keman = Geman = Miju-Mishmi [mxj], Darang = Tawra [mhu], Idu, Bengni-Bokar, Damu-Bokar = Damu [NOCODE_Damu], Lewai = Bengru = Bangru [NOCODE_Bangru], Sulong, Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu), Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian, Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui, Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan, Primi-S, Primi-N, Munya-E, Munya-W, Jiarong-E, Jiarong-N Chabao, Jiarong-N Sidaba, Ergong, Lavrung, Ersu, Doxu, Lisu, Namuyi, Shihing = Shixing [sxg], Guichawng = Guiqiong = Guiqiong [gqi], Ndrapa = Zhaba, Choyu = Queyu, Chingpo, Trung, Anung, Yi-NN-Shengzha= Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Yinuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Tianba = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Butuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi = Nuosu [iii], Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian), Yi-E-Qianxi = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Bijie = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Dafang = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Weining = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-Hezhang = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Hen-Ke = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Mangbu, Yi-E-Wumeng, Yi-E-Pannan = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Panbei = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Wu-Lu = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Qiao-Wu, Yi-E-Wuding, Yi-E-Xundian = Gepo [ygp], Yi-E-Kun-An, Yi-S-Gejiu, Yi-S-Shiping = Eastern Nisu [nos], Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu = Nisu-Southern [nsd], Yi-S-Mojiang, Yi-S-E-Xin = Nisu-Northern [yiv], Yi-W-Dongshan, Yi-S-Xishan, Yi-S-Talu = Lavu-Yongsheng-Talu [yta], Yi-SE-Yiliang, Yi-SE-Mile, Yi-SE-Hua-Mi, Yi-SE-Wen-Xi, Yi-SE-Gasu = Kathu [ykt], Yi-C-Nanhua, Yi-C-Dayao, Tolo, Lisu-Luchuan = Lipo [lpo], Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng = Lisu [lis], Lahuna = Lahu [lhu], Lahuxi = Lahu Shi [lhi], Kucong = Kucong [lkc], Lahupu = Lahu [lhu], Lahu Alai = Lahu Shi [lhi], Hani, Sadu = Sadu [NOCODE_Sadu], Kino-Youle, Kino-Buyuan, Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N, Zauzou [zal], Katso = Katso [kaf], Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou), Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie) = Yongning [nru], Mbisu = Bisu [bzi], Sangkong [sgk], Muang = Maang = Maang [NOCODE_Maang], Tujia-N = Northern Tujia [tji], Tujia-S, Bai-Jianchuan = Bai-Central [bca], Bai-Dali, Bai-Nujiang, Achang-Longchan, Achang-Luxi, Achang-Lianghe [NOCODE_Lianghe-Achang], Kantau = Xiandao, Tsaiva = Zaiwa, Lechi, Lawngvaw = Langsu, Pela = Bola, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western = Western Xiangxi Miao [mmr], Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern = Eastern Xiangxi Miao [muq], Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern = Northern Qiandong Miao [hea], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern = Eastern Qiandong Miao [hmq], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern = Southern Qiandong Miao [hms], Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western, Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect One = CQD1 = Dananshan Miao [cqd], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect Three = CQD3 = Dashanjiao = CQD3 closest to Hmong Sha = Hmong Daw [mww], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei) = Miao-Large Flowery [hmd], Huishui Northern (Jiading) = Huishui N = Northern Huishui Hmong [hmi], Guiyang Northern (Qingyan) = Northern Guiyang Hmong [huj], Guiyang NW (Tieshi) = Southern Guiyang Hmong [hmy], Guiyang SC (Hongyan) = Miao-Southern Guiyang [hmy], Mashan C = Central Mashan Hmong [hmm], Mashan SE (Baba village of Muyin township in Luodian county) = Miao-Central Mashan [hmm], Mashan SW = Southern Mashan Hmong [hma], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe = Miao-Luopohe [hml], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang = Ge [hmj], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang N closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan = CQD [cqd], Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang E closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan = CQD [cqd], Punu-Bunu-Dongnu, Punu-Bunu-Nunu, Punu-Bunu-Nunuo, Punu-Baonao, Punu-Numao-Numao, Punu-Numao-Dongmeng, Pahng-Baheng-N = Pa-Hng [pha], Pahng-Baheng-S = Pa-Hng [pha], Pahng-Ngnai = Wunai Bunu [bwn], Yunuo = Younuo Bunu [buh], Kyongnai = Jiongnai, Pana = Pa Na [NOCODE_Pa-Na], She, Mian-Iu Mien, Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun, Biaomin, Zaomin, Northern Chuang-Guibei, Northern Chuang-Liujiang, Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe, Northern Chuang-Yongbei, Northern Chuang-Youjiang, Northern Chuang-Guibian, Northern Chuang-Qiubei, Northern Chuang-Lianshan, Southern Chuang-Yongnan, Southern Chuang-Zuojiang, Southern Chuang-De-Jing, Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang, Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma, Buyei, Tai-Xishuangbanna, Tai-Dehong, Tai-Jinping, Tai-Hong-Jin, Limkau = Lingao [onb], Kam-Northern, Kam-Southern, Mulam, Lakkya = Lajia, Kangpau = Biao Hua = Shidong Biao [byk], Sui, Maunan = Maonan [mmd], Lautung = Chadong, Mak, Yanghuang = T'en [tct], Menni = Caijia, Hlai-Ha, Hlai-Qi, Hlai-Bendi, Hlai-Meifu, Hlai-Jiamao, Nadou = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Fawn = Cun = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Klau-Gao, Klau-A'ou = A'ou [aou], Klau-Hagei, Klau-Duoluo, Gau = Yiren = Yiren = Gau [NOCODE_Gau-Yiren], Lachi, Kawo = Mulao = Gelao Mulao [giu], Buyang-W, Buyang-E-Napo, Buyang-E-Ma = E'ma Buyang [yzg], Buyang-Lang-Nian = Langnian Buyang [yln], Kabiau,Baraoke-Aishuai = Wa-Parauk [prk], Baraoke-Banhong, Baraoke-Dazhai, Awa-Masan, Awa-Awalai, Awa-Damangnuo, Awa-Xiyun = Xiyun Va [NOCODE_Xiyun-Va], Wa, Manmet = Kemie, Ta'ang-Na'ang = Palaung-Rumai [rbb], Ta'ang-Ruomai, Ta'ang-Bulei, Plang-Bulang, Plang-Wu, Hu = Hu [huo], Bumang, Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan = Bugan [bbh], Mang, Kemu, Pushing = Buxing, Kin = Jing = Gin, Paliu = Lai = Bolyu, Northern Amis, Sakizaya, Tavalong-Vata'an, Central Amis, Chengkun-Guangshan Amis, Southern Amis, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Bunun = Bunun [bnn], Tsou, Sa'aroa = Saaroa [sxr], Kanakanavu = Kanakanabu [xnb], Atayal [tay], Seediq = Saideke, Saisiyat, Pazeh, Thao, Yami, Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat = Tsat [huq], Korean, Manchu, Xibo, Nanai-Kilen, Nanai-Hezhen, Ewenki, Orochen, Menggu Nei, Menggu Weilate, Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate, Daghur [dta], Mongor Huzhu, Mongor Minhe, Dongxiang, Paonang = Bao'an, Kangjia [kxs], Eastern Yoghur, Uighur, Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek, Kazakh = Hasake, Tatar, Salar, Kirghiz, Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu, Tuva = Tuwa, Khakas, Tu'erke = Ili Turk = Ili Turki [ili], Sarikhul, Wakhan, Russian [rus], Aynu, Dao = Daohua [NOCODE_Daohua], E = Ai = Wusehua = E [eee], Macanese, Tangwang, Tsa = Dza = Zakhring [zkr], Wutun},
  macro_area = {Eurasia, Papunesia},
  src        = {hh}
}

Languages

Name in source Glottolog languoid
Han
    Zang
      Monpa = Menba
        Baima
          Tsanglo
            Keman = Geman
            Darang
            Idu
              Bengni-Bokar
                Damu-Bokar
                Lewai = Bengru
                Sulong
                  Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu)
                    Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian
                    Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing
                    Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan
                    Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan
                    Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian
                      Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui
                        Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan
                          Primi-S
                            Primi-N
                              Munya-E
                                Munya-W
                                  Jiarong-E
                                    Jiarong-N Chabao
                                      Jiarong-N Sidaba
                                        Ergong
                                          Lavrung
                                            Ersu
                                              Doxu
                                                Lisu
                                                  Namuyi
                                                    Shihing
                                                    Guichawng = Guiqiong
                                                    Ndrapa = Zhaba
                                                      Choyu = Queyu
                                                        Chingpo
                                                          Trung
                                                            Anung
                                                              Yi-NN-Shengzha
                                                              Yi-NN-Yinuo
                                                              Yi-NN-Tianba
                                                              Yi-NS-Butuo
                                                              Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi
                                                              Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian)
                                                                Yi-E-Qianxi
                                                                Yi-E-Bijie
                                                                Yi-E-Dafang
                                                                Yi-E-Weining
                                                                Yi-Hezhang
                                                                Yi-E-Hen-Ke
                                                                Yi-E-Mangbu
                                                                  Yi-E-Wumeng
                                                                    Yi-E-Pannan
                                                                    Yi-E-Panbei
                                                                    Yi-E-Wu-Lu
                                                                    Yi-E-Qiao-Wu
                                                                      Yi-E-Wuding
                                                                        Yi-E-Xundian
                                                                        Yi-E-Kun-An
                                                                          Yi-S-Gejiu
                                                                            Yi-S-Shiping
                                                                            Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu
                                                                            Yi-S-Mojiang
                                                                              Yi-S-E-Xin
                                                                              Yi-W-Dongshan
                                                                                Yi-S-Xishan
                                                                                  Yi-S-Talu
                                                                                  Yi-SE-Yiliang
                                                                                    Yi-SE-Mile
                                                                                      Yi-SE-Hua-Mi
                                                                                        Yi-SE-Wen-Xi
                                                                                          Yi-SE-Gasu
                                                                                          Yi-C-Nanhua
                                                                                            Yi-C-Dayao
                                                                                              Tolo
                                                                                                Lisu-Luchuan
                                                                                                Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng
                                                                                                Lahuna
                                                                                                Lahuxi
                                                                                                Kucong
                                                                                                Lahupu
                                                                                                Lahu Alai
                                                                                                Hani
                                                                                                  Sadu
                                                                                                  Kino-Youle
                                                                                                    Kino-Buyuan
                                                                                                      Nusu-C
                                                                                                        Nusu-S
                                                                                                          Nusu-N
                                                                                                            Zauzou
                                                                                                            Katso
                                                                                                            Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou)
                                                                                                              Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie)
                                                                                                              Mbisu
                                                                                                              Sangkong
                                                                                                              Muang = Maang
                                                                                                              Tujia-N
                                                                                                              Tujia-S
                                                                                                                Bai-Jianchuan
                                                                                                                Bai-Dali
                                                                                                                  Bai-Nujiang
                                                                                                                    Achang-Longchan
                                                                                                                      Achang-Luxi
                                                                                                                        Achang-Lianghe
                                                                                                                        Kantau = Xiandao
                                                                                                                          Tsaiva = Zaiwa
                                                                                                                            Lechi
                                                                                                                              Lawngvaw = Langsu
                                                                                                                                Pela = Bola
                                                                                                                                  Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western
                                                                                                                                  Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern
                                                                                                                                  Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern
                                                                                                                                  Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern
                                                                                                                                  Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern
                                                                                                                                  Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect One = CQD1
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Local Dialect Three = CQD3 = Dashanjiao = CQD3 closest to Hmong Sha
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei)
                                                                                                                                    Huishui Northern (Jiading) = Huishui N
                                                                                                                                    Guiyang Northern (Qingyan)
                                                                                                                                    Guiyang NW (Tieshi)
                                                                                                                                    Guiyang SC (Hongyan)
                                                                                                                                    Mashan C
                                                                                                                                    Mashan SE (Baba village of Muyin township in Luodian county)
                                                                                                                                    Mashan SW
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang N closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan
                                                                                                                                    Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang E closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan
                                                                                                                                    Punu-Bunu-Dongnu
                                                                                                                                      Punu-Bunu-Nunu
                                                                                                                                        Punu-Bunu-Nunuo
                                                                                                                                          Punu-Baonao
                                                                                                                                            Punu-Numao-Numao
                                                                                                                                              Punu-Numao-Dongmeng
                                                                                                                                                Pahng-Baheng-N
                                                                                                                                                Pahng-Baheng-S
                                                                                                                                                Pahng-Ngnai
                                                                                                                                                Yunuo
                                                                                                                                                Kyongnai = Jiongnai
                                                                                                                                                  Pana
                                                                                                                                                  She
                                                                                                                                                    Mian-Iu Mien
                                                                                                                                                      Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun
                                                                                                                                                        Biaomin
                                                                                                                                                          Zaomin
                                                                                                                                                            Northern Chuang-Guibei
                                                                                                                                                              Northern Chuang-Liujiang
                                                                                                                                                                Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe
                                                                                                                                                                  Northern Chuang-Yongbei
                                                                                                                                                                    Northern Chuang-Youjiang
                                                                                                                                                                      Northern Chuang-Guibian
                                                                                                                                                                        Northern Chuang-Qiubei
                                                                                                                                                                          Northern Chuang-Lianshan
                                                                                                                                                                            Southern Chuang-Yongnan
                                                                                                                                                                              Southern Chuang-Zuojiang
                                                                                                                                                                                Southern Chuang-De-Jing
                                                                                                                                                                                  Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang
                                                                                                                                                                                    Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma
                                                                                                                                                                                      Buyei
                                                                                                                                                                                        Tai-Xishuangbanna
                                                                                                                                                                                          Tai-Dehong
                                                                                                                                                                                            Tai-Jinping
                                                                                                                                                                                              Tai-Hong-Jin
                                                                                                                                                                                                Limkau
                                                                                                                                                                                                Kam-Northern
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kam-Southern
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Mulam
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Lakkya = Lajia
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kangpau = Biao Hua
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sui
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Maunan
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Lautung = Chadong
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Mak
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yanghuang
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Menni = Caijia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hlai-Ha
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hlai-Qi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hlai-Bendi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hlai-Meifu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hlai-Jiamao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Nadou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fawn = Cun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Klau-Gao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Klau-A'ou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Klau-Hagei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Klau-Duoluo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gau = Yiren = Yiren
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Lachi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kawo = Mulao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Buyang-W
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Buyang-E-Napo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Buyang-E-Ma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Buyang-Lang-Nian
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kabiau
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Baraoke-Aishuai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Baraoke-Banhong
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Baraoke-Dazhai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Awa-Masan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Awa-Awalai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Awa-Damangnuo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Awa-Xiyun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Wa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Manmet = Kemie
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ta'ang-Na'ang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ta'ang-Ruomai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ta'ang-Bulei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Plang-Bulang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Plang-Wu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Bumang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Mang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kemu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pushing = Buxing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kin = Jing = Gin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Paliu = Lai = Bolyu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Northern Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sakizaya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tavalong-Vata'an
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Central Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chengkun-Guangshan Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Southern Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kavalan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Paiwan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Puyuma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Rukai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Bunun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tsou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sa'aroa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kanakanavu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Atayal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Seediq = Saideke
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Saisiyat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pazeh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Thao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yami
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Manchu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Xibo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Nanai-Kilen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Nanai-Hezhen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ewenki
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Orochen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Menggu Nei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Menggu Weilate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Daghur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Mongor Huzhu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Mongor Minhe
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dongxiang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Paonang = Bao'an
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kangjia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Eastern Yoghur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uighur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kazakh = Hasake
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tatar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Salar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kirghiz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Tuva = Tuwa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Khakas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tu'erke = Ili Turk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sarikhul
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Wakhan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Russian
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aynu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Dao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E = Ai = Wusehua
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Macanese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Tangwang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Tsa = Dza
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Wutun