Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai 2017

Shearer, Walter & Hongkai Sun. 2017. An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press. xxxvi+1563pp. (3 vols.)

@book{667668,
  address    = {Lewiston, NY},
  author     = {Shearer, Walter and Sun, Hongkai},
  note       = {3 vols.},
  pages      = {xxxvi+1563},
  publisher  = {Edwin Mellen Press},
  title      = {An encyclopedia of the 140 languages of China: speakers, dialects, linguistic elements, script and distribution},
  year       = {2017},
  besttxt    = {ptxt2\eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.txt},
  cfn        = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf},
  fn         = {eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017.pdf, eurasia\shearer-sun_china2017_o.pdf},
  hhtype     = {overview;minimal},
  inlg       = {English [eng]},
  langnote   = {Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N said to be unintelligible (p516) but not quite convincing (need to see Sun 2007).},
  lgcode     = {Han, Zang, Monpa = Menba, Baima, Tsanglo, Keman = Geman = Miju-Mishmi [mxj], Darang = Tawra [mhu], Idu, Bengni-Bokar, Damu-Bokar = Damu [NOCODE_Damu], Lewai = Bengru = Bangru [NOCODE_Bangru], Sulong, Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu), Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan = Southern Qiang [qxs], Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian, Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui, Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan, Primi-S, Primi-N, Munya-E, Munya-W, Jiarong-E, Jiarong-N Chabao, Jiarong-N Sidaba, Ergong, Lavrung, Ersu, Doxu, Lisu, Namuyi, Shihing = Shixing [sxg], Guichawng = Guiqiong = Guiqiong [gqi], Ndrapa = Zhaba, Choyu = Queyu, Chingpo, Trung, Anung, Yi-NN-Shengzha= Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Yinuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NN-Tianba = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Butuo = Nuosu [iii], Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi = Nuosu [iii], Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian), Yi-E-Qianxi = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Bijie = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Dafang = Wusa Nasu [yig], Yi-E-Weining = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-Hezhang = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Hen-Ke = Wumeng Nasu [ywu], Yi-E-Mangbu, Yi-E-Wumeng, Yi-E-Pannan = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Panbei = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Wu-Lu = Yi-Wuding-Luquan [ywq], Yi-E-Qiao-Wu, Yi-E-Wuding, Yi-E-Xundian = Gepo [ygp], Yi-E-Kun-An, Yi-S-Gejiu, Yi-S-Shiping = Eastern Nisu [nos], Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu = Nisu-Southern [nsd], Yi-S-Mojiang, Yi-S-E-Xin = Nisu-Northern [yiv], Yi-W-Dongshan, Yi-S-Xishan, Yi-S-Talu = Lavu-Yongsheng-Talu [yta], Yi-SE-Yiliang, Yi-SE-Mile, Yi-SE-Hua-Mi, Yi-SE-Wen-Xi, Yi-SE-Gasu = Kathu [ykt], Yi-C-Nanhua, Yi-C-Dayao, Tolo, Lisu-Luchuan = Lipo [lpo], Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng = Lisu [lis], Lahuna = Lahu [lhu], Lahuxi = Lahu Shi [lhi], Kucong = Kucong [lkc], Lahupu = Lahu [lhu], Lahu Alai = Lahu Shi [lhi], Hani, Sadu = Sadu [NOCODE_Sadu], Kino-Youle, Kino-Buyuan, Nusu-C, Nusu-S, Nusu-N, Zauzou [zal], Katso = Katso [kaf], Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou), Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie) = Yongning [nru], Mbisu = Bisu [bzi], Sangkong [sgk], Muang = Maang = Maang [NOCODE_Maang], Tujia-N = Northern Tujia [tji], Tujia-S, Bai-Jianchuan = Bai-Central [bca], Bai-Dali, Bai-Nujiang, Achang-Longchan, Achang-Luxi, Achang-Lianghe [NOCODE_Lianghe-Achang], Kantau = Xiandao, Tsaiva = Zaiwa, Lechi, Lawngvaw = Langsu, Pela = Bola, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern, Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) subdialect, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei), Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Huishui Northern, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Huishui Central, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Eastern, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Southwestern, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Guiyang, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Mashan, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe = Miao-Luopohe [hml], Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang, Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian), Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan = Miao-Horned [hrm], Punu-Bunu-Dongnu, Punu-Bunu-Nunu, Punu-Bunu-Nunuo, Punu-Baonao, Punu-Numao-Numao, Punu-Numao-Dongmeng, Pahng-Baheng-N, Pahng-Baheng-S, Pahng-Ngnai = Wunai Bunu [bwn], Yunuo = Younuo Bunu [buh], Kyongnai = Jiongnai, Pana = Pa Na [NOCODE_Pa-Na], She, Mian-Iu Mien, Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun, Biaomin, Zaomin, Northern Chuang-Guibei, Northern Chuang-Liujiang, Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe, Northern Chuang-Yongbei, Northern Chuang-Youjiang, Northern Chuang-Guibian, Northern Chuang-Qiubei, Northern Chuang-Lianshan, Southern Chuang-Yongnan, Southern Chuang-Zuojiang, Southern Chuang-De-Jing, Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang, Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma, Buyei, Tai-Xishuangbanna, Tai-Dehong, Tai-Jinping, Tai-Hong-Jin, Limkau = Lingao, Kam-Northern, Kam-Southern, Mulam, Lakkya = Lajia, Kangpau = Biao Hua = Shidong Biao [byk], Sui, Maunan = Maonan, Lautung = Chadong, Mak, Yanghuang = T'en [tct], Menni = Caijia, Hlai-Ha, Hlai-Qi, Hlai-Bendi, Hlai-Meifu, Hlai-Jiamao, Nadou = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Fawn = Cun = Cun-Nadou [cuq], Klau-Gao, Klau-A'ou = A'ou [aou], Klau-Hagei, Klau-Duoluo, Gau = Yiren = Yiren = Gau [NOCODE_Gau-Yiren], Lachi, Kawo = Mulao = Gelao Mulao [giu], Buyang-W, Buyang-E-Napo, Buyang-E-Ma = E'ma Buyang [yzg], Buyang-Lang-Nian = Langnian Buyang [yln], Kabiau,Baraoke-Aishuai = Wa-Parauk [prk], Baraoke-Banhong, Baraoke-Dazhai, Awa-Masan, Awa-Awalai, Awa-Damangnuo, Awa-Xiyun = Xiyun Va [NOCODE_Xiyun-Va], Wa, Manmet = Kemie, Ta'ang-Na'ang = Palaung-Rumai [rbb], Ta'ang-Ruomai, Ta'ang-Bulei, Plang-Bulang, Plang-Wu, Hu = Hu [huo], Bumang, Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan = Bugan [bbh], Mang, Kemu, Pushing = Buxing, Kin = Jing = Gin, Paliu = Lai = Bolyu, Northern Amis, Sakizaya, Tavalong-Vata'an, Central Amis, Chengkun-Guangshan Amis, Southern Amis, Kavalan, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Bunun = Bunun [bnn], Tsou, Sa'aroa = Saaroa [sxr], Kanakanavu = Kanakanabu [xnb], Atayal [tay], Seediq = Saideke, Saisiyat, Pazeh, Thao, Yami, Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat = Tsat [huq], Korean, Manchu, Xibo, Nanai-Kilen, Nanai-Hezhen, Ewenki, Orochen, Menggu Nei, Menggu Weilate, Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate, Daghur [dta], Mongor Huzhu, Mongor Minhe, Dongxiang, Paonang = Bao'an, Kangjia [kxs], Eastern Yoghur, Uighur, Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek, Kazakh = Hasake, Tatar, Salar, Kirghiz, Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu, Tuva = Tuwa, Khakas, Tu'erke = Ili Turk = Ili Turki [ili], Sarikhul, Wakhan, Russian [rus], Aynu, Dao = Daohua [NOCODE_Daohua], E = Ai = Wusehua = E [eee], Macanese, Tangwang, Tsa = Dza = Zakhring [zkr], Wutun},
  macro_area = {Eurasia, Papunesia},
  src        = {hh}
}

Languages

Name in source Glottolog languoid
Han
    Zang
      Monpa = Menba
        Baima
          Tsanglo
            Keman = Geman
            Darang
            Idu
              Bengni-Bokar
                Damu-Bokar
                Lewai = Bengru
                Sulong
                  Chiang-Northern (Luhua-Mawo-Cimulin-Weigu-Yadu)
                    Chiang-S Daqishan = W Lixian
                    Chiang-S Taoping = Eastern Lixing
                    Chiang-S Longxi = N Wenchuan
                    Chiang-S Mianchi = S Wenchuan
                    Chiang-S Heihu = Central Maoxian
                      Chiang-S Sanlong = W Maoxian-S Heishui
                        Chiang-S Jiaochang = S Songpan
                          Primi-S
                            Primi-N
                              Munya-E
                                Munya-W
                                  Jiarong-E
                                    Jiarong-N Chabao
                                      Jiarong-N Sidaba
                                        Ergong
                                          Lavrung
                                            Ersu
                                              Doxu
                                                Lisu
                                                  Namuyi
                                                    Shihing
                                                    Guichawng = Guiqiong
                                                    Ndrapa = Zhaba
                                                      Choyu = Queyu
                                                        Chingpo
                                                          Trung
                                                            Anung
                                                              Yi-NN-Shengzha
                                                              Yi-NN-Yinuo
                                                              Yi-NN-Tianba
                                                              Yi-NS-Butuo
                                                              Yi-NS-Huili = Suondi
                                                              Yi-E-Yunnan-Guizhou (Dian-Qian)
                                                                Yi-E-Qianxi
                                                                Yi-E-Bijie
                                                                Yi-E-Dafang
                                                                Yi-E-Weining
                                                                Yi-Hezhang
                                                                Yi-E-Hen-Ke
                                                                Yi-E-Mangbu
                                                                  Yi-E-Wumeng
                                                                    Yi-E-Pannan
                                                                    Yi-E-Panbei
                                                                    Yi-E-Wu-Lu
                                                                    Yi-E-Qiao-Wu
                                                                      Yi-E-Wuding
                                                                        Yi-E-Xundian
                                                                        Yi-E-Kun-An
                                                                          Yi-S-Gejiu
                                                                            Yi-S-Shiping
                                                                            Yi-S-Yuanyang = Southwestern Nisu
                                                                            Yi-S-Mojiang
                                                                              Yi-S-E-Xin
                                                                              Yi-W-Dongshan
                                                                                Yi-S-Xishan
                                                                                  Yi-S-Talu
                                                                                  Yi-SE-Yiliang
                                                                                    Yi-SE-Mile
                                                                                      Yi-SE-Hua-Mi
                                                                                        Yi-SE-Wen-Xi
                                                                                          Yi-SE-Gasu
                                                                                          Yi-C-Nanhua
                                                                                            Yi-C-Dayao
                                                                                              Tolo
                                                                                                Lisu-Luchuan
                                                                                                Lisu-Nujiang-Yongsheng
                                                                                                Lahuna
                                                                                                Lahuxi
                                                                                                Kucong
                                                                                                Lahupu
                                                                                                Lahu Alai
                                                                                                Hani
                                                                                                  Sadu
                                                                                                  Kino-Youle
                                                                                                    Kino-Buyuan
                                                                                                      Nusu-C
                                                                                                        Nusu-S
                                                                                                          Nusu-N
                                                                                                            Zauzou
                                                                                                            Katso
                                                                                                            Nashi-W (Lijiangba-Dayanzhen-Baoshanzhou)
                                                                                                              Nashi-E (Yongningba-Beiquba-Guabie)
                                                                                                              Mbisu
                                                                                                              Sangkong
                                                                                                              Muang = Maang
                                                                                                              Tujia-N
                                                                                                              Tujia-S
                                                                                                                Bai-Jianchuan
                                                                                                                Bai-Dali
                                                                                                                  Bai-Nujiang
                                                                                                                    Achang-Longchan
                                                                                                                      Achang-Luxi
                                                                                                                        Achang-Lianghe
                                                                                                                        Kantau = Xiandao
                                                                                                                          Tsaiva = Zaiwa
                                                                                                                            Lechi
                                                                                                                              Lawngvaw = Langsu
                                                                                                                                Pela = Bola
                                                                                                                                  Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Western
                                                                                                                                    Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern
                                                                                                                                      Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Northern
                                                                                                                                        Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Eastern
                                                                                                                                          Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Southern
                                                                                                                                            Western Hunan (Xiangxi) Miao Eastern Guizhou (Qiandong) Western
                                                                                                                                              Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) subdialect
                                                                                                                                                Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Northeastern Yunnan (Diandongbei)
                                                                                                                                                  Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Huishui Northern
                                                                                                                                                    Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Huishui Central
                                                                                                                                                      Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Eastern
                                                                                                                                                        Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Southwestern
                                                                                                                                                          Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Guiyang
                                                                                                                                                            Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Mashan
                                                                                                                                                              Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Luopohe
                                                                                                                                                              Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Chong'anjiang
                                                                                                                                                                Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian)
                                                                                                                                                                  Sizhuan-Guizhou-Yunnan Miao (Chuan-Qian-Dian) Pingtang closest lexically to CQD First Vernacular of Dananshan
                                                                                                                                                                  Punu-Bunu-Dongnu
                                                                                                                                                                    Punu-Bunu-Nunu
                                                                                                                                                                      Punu-Bunu-Nunuo
                                                                                                                                                                        Punu-Baonao
                                                                                                                                                                          Punu-Numao-Numao
                                                                                                                                                                            Punu-Numao-Dongmeng
                                                                                                                                                                              Pahng-Baheng-N
                                                                                                                                                                                Pahng-Baheng-S
                                                                                                                                                                                  Pahng-Ngnai
                                                                                                                                                                                  Yunuo
                                                                                                                                                                                  Kyongnai = Jiongnai
                                                                                                                                                                                    Pana
                                                                                                                                                                                    She
                                                                                                                                                                                      Mian-Iu Mien
                                                                                                                                                                                        Mian-Jinmen = Kim Mun
                                                                                                                                                                                          Biaomin
                                                                                                                                                                                            Zaomin
                                                                                                                                                                                              Northern Chuang-Guibei
                                                                                                                                                                                                Northern Chuang-Liujiang
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Northern Chuang-Hongshuihe
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Northern Chuang-Yongbei
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Northern Chuang-Youjiang
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Northern Chuang-Guibian
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Northern Chuang-Qiubei
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Northern Chuang-Lianshan
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Southern Chuang-Yongnan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Southern Chuang-Zuojiang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Southern Chuang-De-Jing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Southern Chuang-Yang-Guang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Southern Chuang-Wen-Ma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Buyei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tai-Xishuangbanna
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Tai-Dehong
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tai-Jinping
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Tai-Hong-Jin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Limkau = Lingao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Kam-Northern
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kam-Southern
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Mulam
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Lakkya = Lajia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kangpau = Biao Hua
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sui
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Maunan = Maonan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Lautung = Chadong
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Mak
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yanghuang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Menni = Caijia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hlai-Ha
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hlai-Qi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hlai-Bendi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hlai-Meifu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hlai-Jiamao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Nadou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Fawn = Cun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Klau-Gao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Klau-A'ou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Klau-Hagei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Klau-Duoluo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gau = Yiren = Yiren
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Lachi
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kawo = Mulao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Buyang-W
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Buyang-E-Napo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Buyang-E-Ma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Buyang-Lang-Nian
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kabiau
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Baraoke-Aishuai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Baraoke-Banhong
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Baraoke-Dazhai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Awa-Masan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Awa-Awalai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Awa-Damangnuo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Awa-Xiyun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Wa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Manmet = Kemie
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ta'ang-Na'ang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ta'ang-Ruomai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Ta'ang-Bulei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Plang-Bulang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Plang-Wu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Bumang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pukeng = Bugeng = Bugan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Mang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kemu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pushing = Buxing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kin = Jing = Gin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Paliu = Lai = Bolyu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Northern Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sakizaya
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Tavalong-Vata'an
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Central Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Chengkun-Guangshan Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Southern Amis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kavalan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Paiwan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Puyuma
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Rukai
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Bunun
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Tsou
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sa'aroa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kanakanavu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Atayal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Seediq = Saideke
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Saisiyat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pazeh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Thao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yami
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hutsan = Tsat = Utsat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Manchu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Xibo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Nanai-Kilen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Nanai-Hezhen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Ewenki
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Orochen
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Menggu Nei
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Menggu Weilate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Menggu Ba'erhu-Buliyate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Daghur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Mongor Huzhu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Mongor Minhe
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Dongxiang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Paonang = Bao'an
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Kangjia
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Eastern Yoghur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uighur
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uzbek = Wūzībiékè = Chinese Uzbek = N Uzbek
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kazakh = Hasake
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Tatar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Salar
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kirghiz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Western Yoghur = Xibu Yugu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Tuva = Tuwa
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Khakas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Tu'erke = Ili Turk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sarikhul
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Wakhan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Russian
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aynu
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dao
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E = Ai = Wusehua
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Macanese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Tangwang
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tsa = Dza
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Wutun