Glottolog
Languages
Families
Language Search
References
Reference Search
GlottoScope
About
html
JSON
RDF serialized as n3
Newick format
RDF serialized as nt
PhyloXML
RDF serialized as xml
SVG Classification Tree
RDF serialized as turtle
Spoken L1 Language:
Turkana
Classification
open Turkana
expand all
collapse all
▼
Nilotic (56)
▼
Eastern Nilotic (18)
►
Barian (4)
Kakwa
Mandari
►
Nuclear Barian (2)
►
Bari
Ligo
Nile Bari
Nyangbara
Nyepu
Pöjulu
Kuku
▼
Teso-Lotuxo-Maa (14)
►
Lotuxo-Maa (9)
►
Lotuxo (6)
►
Lango-Logire-Logir
Imotong
Lango (South Sudan)
Logir
►
Lopit-Dongotono (3)
►
Dongotonic (2)
Dongotono
Okolie
►
Lopit
►
Northern Lopit
Dorik
Ngabori
►
Southern Lopit
Lohutok
Lolongo
Lomiaha
Ngutira
►
Lotuko-Lokoya (2)
Lokoya
►
Otuho
Koriok
Logiri
Logotok
Lomya
Lorwama
Lowudo
►
Ongamo-Maa (3)
Ngasa
►
Nuclear Maa (2)
►
Masai
Arusa
Damat
Iloodokilani
Kaputiei
Keekonyokie
Kisonko
Kore
Laitokitok
Loitai
Matapo
Moitanik
Parakuyo
Purko
Siria
►
Samburu
Chamus
▼
Teso-Turkana (5)
►
Teso
Lokathan
Orom
▼
Turkanic (4)
►
Karamojong
Dodos
Jie
Nuclear Karamojong
Nyangatom
►
Toposa
Eastern Toposa
Jiye
Western Toposa
▼
Turkana
Northern Turkana
Southern Turkana
►
Southern Nilotic (16)
►
Kalenjin (11)
►
Central Kalenjin (5)
Kipsigis
►
Plateau Central Kalenjin (4)
Tugen
►
Western Plateau Central Kalenjin (3)
►
Keiyo
Kamarin
Kiptani
Sergoit
Southwest Marakwet
Soy
Nandi
Terik
►
Elgon-Mau Kalenjin (2)
►
Kupsabiny
Mbai
Sabiny
Sor
►
Sabaot
Bong'omeek
Book
Koony
►
Northern Kalenjin (2)
►
Markweeta
►
Northeast Marakwet
Almoo
Endo
Markweta-Chesongoch
Sambirir
Sengwer
►
Pökoot
East Pokot
West Pokot
►
Okiek-Akie (2)
Akie
►
Okiek
Nuclear Okiek
Sogoo
Suiei (Okiek)
►
Tatoga-Omotik (5)
►
Gemein Datooga (4)
Biyanjiida
►
North-Central Datooga (3)
►
Barabayiiga-Gisamjanga
Bajuta of the Eyassi
Barabayiiga
Gidang'oodiga of Simhha
Gisamjanga
Buraadiga
►
Isimjeega-Rootigaanga
Isimjeega
Rootigaanga
►
Omotik
Suiei
►
Western Nilotic (22)
►
Burun (3)
►
Northern Burun
Abuldugu
Mayak
Mufwa
Mughaja
Ragreig
►
Southern Burun (2)
Jumjum
►
Mabaan
Bwonyin
Twok
Ulu (Dar Funj)
►
Dinka-Nuer (7)
►
Dinka (5)
►
Northeastern Dinka
Abiliang
Ageer
Dongjol
Luac
Ngok-Sobat
Rut
Thoi
►
Northwestern Dinka
Alor (Nilotic)
Ngok-Kordofan
Pan Aru
Pawany
►
South Central Dinka
Agar
Aliap
Ciec
Gok
►
Southeastern Dinka
Athoc
Bor
Ghol
Nyarweng
Tuic
►
Southwestern Dinka
Abiem
Aguok
Apuk
Awan
Lau (Nilotic)
Luac (Southwestern Dinka)
Malual
Paliet
Palioupiny
Rek
Tuic (Southwestern Dinka)
►
Nuer-Reel (2)
►
Nuer
Abigar
Cien
Dor
Eastern Jikany
Eastern Nuer
Lou (Nilotic)
Nyuong
Thiang
Thognaath
Western Jikany
Reel
►
Lwoo (12)
►
Northern Lwoo (6)
►
Anuak
Adoyo
Coro
Lul
Opëno
Belanda Bor
►
Luwo-Thuri (2)
Luwo
►
Thuri
Bodho
Colo
Manangeer
Päri
►
Shilluk
Gar Shilluk
Kwak Shilluk
Mwomo Shilluk
►
Southern Lwoo (6)
►
Acoli
Dhopaluo
Labwor
Nyakwai
►
Adhola-Alur-Luo (3)
►
Adhola-Luo (2)
Adhola
Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
►
Alur
Jokot
Jonam
Mambisa
Wanyoro
►
Lango-Kumam (2)
Kumam
Lango (Uganda)
Comments on subclassification
Vossen, Rainer 1982
Endangerment
AES status:
not endangered
Source:
David M. Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig 2024
Comment:
Turkana (tuv-tuv) = 5 (Developing).
Glottocode:
turk1308
ISO 639-3:
tuv
+
−
OpenStreetMap.Mapnik
OpenTopoMap
Stamen.Watercolor
Stamen.Terrain
Stamen.TerrainBackground
USGS.USTopo
USGS.USImagery
USGS.USImageryTopo
Leaflet
|
©
OpenStreetMap
contributors
show big map
Links
[tuv] at ISO 639-3
[tuv] at OLAC
[tuv] at IMTVault
Turkana at Grambank
Turkana at WALS
Wikipedia
Wikidata
Alternative names
lexvo:
Tourkaneg [br]
Turkana [de]
Turkana language [en]
Туркански јазик [mk]
moseley & asher (1994):
Turkana
multitree:
Buma
Bume
Turkana
Turkwana
ruhlen (1987):
Turkana
wals:
Turkana
Countries
Ethiopia [ET]
Kenya [KE]
South Sudan [SS]
Uganda [UG]
References
⇫
Showing 1 to 100 of 100 entries
← Previous
1
Next →
Search:
BibTeX
Processing...
Details
Name
Title
Any field
ca
Year
Pages
Doctype
ca
Provider
da
--any--
unknown
bibliographical
ethnographic
overview
dialectology
socling
minimal
comparative
wordlist
new_testament
text
phonology
specific_feature
dictionary
grammar_sketch
grammar
--any--
anla
asjp2010
bahasa
benjamins
bibliolux
bowern
cldf
degruyter
eballiso2009
elpub
evobib
fabreall2009ann
gilbertese
gj
glossa
goba
guldemann
haspelmath
hedvig-tirailleur
hh
iso6393
jocp
langsci
lapolla-tibeto-burman
ldh
lewinmanx
ludger-paschen-germanic
marctang
mpieva
ofdn
otomanguean
ozbib
phoible
sala
schikowski_chintang
seifart
sil16
silpng
sn
stampe
weball
zorcpapers
zurich
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1983
The Turkana Language
1983
513
grammar
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
glossa
,
hh
,
langsci
,
seifart
,
weball
citation
Anderson, Joan 1973
A Turkana grammar for beginners
1973
47
grammar
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1985
Prominence hierarchies and Turkana syntax
1985
22
grammar
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Heine, Bernd 1973
A sketch of Turkana grammar
1973
grammar
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Noske, Manuela 1991
Metrical structure and reduplication in Turkana
1991
118
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Best, Günter 1983
Culture and language of the Turkana of northwestern Kenya
1983
177
text
,
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Heine, Bernd 1980
Turkana
1980
62
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Hulley, D.M. 1923
Vocabulary and grammar for use in Turkana, Karamoja and Tapossa
1923
50
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit 1983
Topics in a Grammar of Turkana
1983
33
grammar_sketch
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Barton, Juxon 1921
Turkana grammatical notes and vocabulary
1921
31
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Wymeersch, Patrick 1988
Turkana cattle classification: some preliminary notes
1988
26
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Hollis, Alfred Claud 19xx
Unpublished notes on Turkana
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
citation
Bruce, A. 19xx
Unpublished notes on Turkana
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
citation
Polley, Linda and Dorothea Jeffrey 1977
Phonological structure of Turkana: a report on some aspects of vowel harmony and tone
1977
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Kelly, Patrick 1969
An introduction to spoken Turkana
1969
grammar_sketch
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Barrett, Anthony J. 1990
Turkana-English dictionary
1990
150
dictionary
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Barrett, Anthony J. 1988
English-Turkana dictionary
1988
25
dictionary
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Gulliver, Pamela 19xx
Turkana-English manuscript dictionary
dictionary
eballiso2009
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1991
The geometry of verb paradigms in Teso-Turkana
1991
32
specific_feature
degruyter
,
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. 1983
Turkana as a verb-initial language
1983
28
specific_feature
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
glossa
,
weball
,
zurich
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1981
On verbal derivation in Nilotic: the case of Turkana
1981
15
specific_feature
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Heine, Bernd 1982
African noun class systems
1982
28
specific_feature
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
guldemann
,
hh
,
langsci
,
seifart
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. 2000
Number Marking and Noun Categorization in Nilo-Saharan Languages
2000
48
overview
,
comparative
,
specific_feature
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
guldemann
,
hh
,
langsci
,
seifart
,
weball
citation
Noske, Manuela 1990
Vowel harmony in Turkana
1990
12
phonology
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Vago, Robert M. and Harry Leder 1987
On the autosegmental analysis of vowel harmony in Turkana
1987
8
phonology
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Rottland, Franz and Laura Ariko Otaala 1983
Mid-vowel assimilation in Teso-Turkana
1983
14
phonology
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Ohta, Itaru 1990
A Classified Vocabulary of the Turkana in Northwestern Kenya
1990
104
wordlist
hh
citation
Ohta, Itaru 1989
A classified vocabulary of the Turkana in northwestern Kenya
1989
104
wordlist
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Wellby, Montagu Sinclair 1901
'Twixt Sirdar & Menelik; an account of a year's expedition from Zeila to Cairo through unknown Abyssinia
1901
448
overview
,
wordlist
hh
citation
Johnston, Harry 1904
The Uganda Protectorate
1904
1054
overview
,
wordlist
hh
citation
Vossen, Rainer 1982
The Eastern Nilotes
1982
512
overview
,
comparative
,
wordlist
hh
citation
Pauli, Elisabeth 1950
Die Splitterstämme Nördlich des Rudolfsees: Studie über wenig bekannte Völker Ost-Afrikas
1950
131
ethnographic
,
wordlist
cldf
,
hh
citation
Driberg, Jack H. 1932
Lotuko dialects
1932
9
wordlist
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
langsci
,
weball
citation
Ohta, Itaru 1988
Livestock individual identification among the Turkana: the animal classification and naming in the pastoral livestock management
1988
69
comparative
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Heine, Bernd 1981
The Non-Bantu languages of Kenya
1981
248
comparative
mpieva
citation
Zetterstrand, Sylvia 1996
High vocoids in Turkana: evidence for [high]
1996
15
comparative
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Stigand, Chauncey H. 1968 [1923]
Equatoria: The Lado enclave
1923
311
overview
,
minimal
,
comparative
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Heine, Bernd 1982
Language and culture contact south of Lake Turkana
1982
8
comparative
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Huntingford, G. W. B. 1929-1930
Studies in Nandi Etymology
1929
41
overview
,
comparative
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
hh
,
weball
citation
Huntingford, George Wynn Brereton 1939
On the classification of half-Hamites in East Africa
1939
2
overview
,
comparative
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Driberg, Jack H. 1939
A note on the classification of half-Hamites in East Africa
1939
2
comparative
eballiso2009
citation
Stoneham, H.F. and Raglan, [Lord] 1931
Correspondence to the editor: East African languages [= letter from Stoneham with a reply from Lord Raglan]
1931
2
comparative
eballiso2009
citation
Raglan, [Lord] 1926
Some roots common to the Turkana, Lotuko and Bari languages
1926
2
comparative
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Gerrit Dimmendaal 2010
Turkana
2010
2
minimal
hh
citation
Barrett, Anthony J. 1987
Dying and death among the Turkana
1987
socling
eballiso2009
citation
Seligmann, Charles Gabriel and Seligmann, Brenda Zara 1932
Pagan tribes of the Nilotic Sudan
1932
732
ethnographic
,
overview
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Gulliver, Pamela and Gulliver, Philip Hugh 1953
The central Nilo-Hamites
1953
104
ethnographic
,
overview
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Meillet, Antoine and Marcel Cohen 1924
Groupe nilo-équatorien (26 langues)
1924
6
overview
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Gulliver, Philip Hugh 1951
A preliminary survey of the Turkana
1951
288
ethnographic
cldf
,
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Derbyshire, Samuel F. 2021
Remembering Turkana: Material histories and contemporary livelihoods in north-western Kenya
2021
254
ethnographic
hh
citation
Gulliver, Philip Hugh 1966
The family herds: a study of two pastoral tribes in East Africa, the Jie and the Turkana
1966
296
ethnographic
hh
citation
Elmley, E. D. 1927
The Turkana of Kolosia District
1927
45
ethnographic
cldf
citation
Wymeersch, Patrick 1986
The homestead of Nakoro: some socio-cultural aspects of daily-life among the Turkana of the Kerio region (Lochwangamatek - July 1985)
1986
24
ethnographic
eballiso2009
citation
Barton, Juxon 1920-1921
Notes on the Turkana tribe of British East Africa
1920
17
ethnographic
eballiso2009
,
hh
citation
Rayne, H. 1919
Turkana
1919
12
ethnographic
cldf
citation
Arensen, Jonathan E. 1983
Sticks and straw: Comparative house forms in southern Sudan and northern Kenya
1983
145
ethnographic
sil16
citation
White, R. F. 1920
Notes on the Turkana tribe
1920
6
ethnographic
cldf
citation
Wolputte, Steven van and Verswijver, Gustaaf 2004
At the fringes of modernity: people, animals, transitions
2004
ethnographic
eballiso2009
citation
Gulliver, P. H. 1955
The Family Herds
1955
ethnographic
cldf
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1982
The Turkana Language
1982
510
cldf
,
langsci
,
mpieva
citation
Ohta, Itaru 2007
English-Turkana texts of a case of bridewealth negotiations in northwestern Kenya
2007
124
eballiso2009
citation
Bollig, Michael 1987
The imposition of colonial in North West Kenya: interethnic conflicts and anticolonial resistence
1987
89
eballiso2009
citation
Emley, E.D. 1927
The Turkana of Kolosia District
1927
45
eballiso2009
citation
Noske, Manuela 2000
[ATR] harmony in Turkana: A case of Faith Suffix gg Faith Root
2000
42
eballiso2009
,
glossa
,
weball
citation
Noske, Manuela 2000
[ATR] Harmony in Turkana: A Case of Faith Suffix >> Faith Root
2000
42
cldf
,
zurich
citation
Noske, Manuela 1995
[ATR] harmony in Turkana
1995
40
cldf
,
zurich
citation
Noske, Manuela 1996
[ATR] harmony in Turkana
1996
39
eballiso2009
,
glossa
,
weball
citation
Ohta, Itaru 1986
Turukanazoku no Goshusei [Reciprocity among the Turkana]
1986
35
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. 1996
Attitude Markers and Conversational Implicatures in Turkana Speech Acts
1996
26
benjamins
,
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit 1996
Attitude markers and converational implicatures in Turkana speech acts
1996
26
cldf
,
zurich
citation
Ohta, Itaru 2007
Marriage and bridewealth negotations among the Turkana in northwestern Kenya
2007
24
eballiso2009
citation
Ohta, Itaru 1984
Symptoms are classified into diagnostic categories: Turkana's view of livestock diseases
1984
23
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Zaslavsky, Claudia 1999 [1973]
Africa counts: number and pattern in African cultures
1973
336
eballiso2009
,
guldemann
,
weball
citation
Rayne, H. 1918/19
Turkana
1918
19
eballiso2009
citation
Lamphear, John 1993
Aspects of 'becoming Turkana': intercations and assimilation between Maa- and Ateker-speakers
1993
18
eballiso2009
citation
Koji, Kitamura 1991
Interactional synchrony: a fundamental condition for communication
1991
18
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Kitamura, Koji 1997
Communication for "negotiation" among the Turkana
1997
16
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Eastman, Carol M. 1991
The language of housebuilding among Turkana women
1991
16
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Sakumichi, Shinsuke 1997
Coping with illness in Turkana: a preliminary report
1997
12
eballiso2009
citation
Noske, Manuela 1991
Feature-changing harmony in Turkana
1991
11
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan and Anneke Breedveld 1986
Tonal influence on vocalic quality
1986
33
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Best, Günter 1981
Eine Typologie der Verben zu prä- und postnuptialen/konkubinalen Stadien bei den Turkana, NW Kenia
1981
10
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Dundas, Kenneth R. 1910
Notes on the tribes inhabiting the Baringo District, East Africa Protectorate
1910
24
eballiso2009
citation
Müller-Dempf, Harald K. 1991
Generation-sets: stability and change, with special reference to Toposa and Turkana societies
1991
14
eballiso2009
citation
Eastman, Carol M. 1988
Aspects of an African constructed environment: language use and the nomadic process
1988
16
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Fratkin, Elliot M. 1993
Turkana of Kenya
1993
2
eballiso2009
citation
Penley, E.W. 1930
Superstition among the Turkana: a southern Turkana heaven
1930
2
eballiso2009
citation
Barrett, Anthony J. 1998
Turkana iconography: desert nomads and their symbols
1998
eballiso2009
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1993
Conversational implicatures, metonymy and attitude markers in Turkana speech acts
1993
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Best, Günter 1993
Marakwet & Turkana: new perspectives on the material culture of East African societies / Neue Einblicke in die materialle Kultur ostafrikanischer Gesellschaft
1993
eballiso2009
citation
Lamphear, John 1992
The scattering time: Turkana responses to colonial rule
1992
eballiso2009
citation
Noske, Manuela 1987
Vokalharmonie im Turkana (Kenia)
1987
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Bogers, Koen and Wymeersch, Patrick and Berben, [?] 1987
In search of the Turkana monster
1987
eballiso2009
citation
Wienpahl, Jan 1984
Livestock production and social organization among the Turkana
1984
eballiso2009
citation
Best, Günter 1983
Culture and Language of the Turkana NW Kenya
1983
asjp2010
,
cldf
citation
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan 1982
Non-voiced vowels in Turkana: a Nilo-Saharan feature?
1982
eballiso2009
,
weball
citation
Itani, J. 1980
... = Natural history of the Turkana
1980
eballiso2009
citation
Sandgren, David Peter 1969
Cultural history of Turkana to 1962
1969
eballiso2009
citation
Gulliver, Philip Hugh 1952
Kinship and property among the Jie and Turkana
1952
eballiso2009
citation
Cambridge, T.R. 1921
In the land of Turkana
1921
eballiso2009
Showing 1 to 100 of 100 entries
← Previous
1
Next →
×