Spoken L1 Language: Manado Malay

Classification
Subclassification references
Comments on subclassification

Paauw, Scott H. 2009

Endangerment
AES status:
not endangered
Source:
David M. Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig 2025
Comment:
Malay, Manado (xmm-xmm) = 3 (Wider communication). Developed in 1658 under Dutch colonial period. Important, growing lingua franca in much of Sulawesi.
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References ⇫

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