@phdthesis{68771,
  author          = {Miller-Ockhuizen, Amanda Lynne},
  pages           = {281},
  school          = {Ohio State University},
  title           = {Grounding Ju/'Hoansi Root Phonotactics: the Phonetics of the Guttural OCP and Other Acoustic Modulations},
  year            = {2001},
  abstract        = {This dissertation describes several phonotactic constraints that operate over the root in the Khoisan language Ju|'hoansi via patterns examined over a database. Functional bases for the constraints are suggested, calling on language specific strategies that are expected to assist listeners in parsing the root, as well as a universal perceptual constraint that requires sufficient contrast in paradigmatic relationships. The results of a single acoustic case study provide more detailed grounding of a guttural OCP constraint in the voice quality cues associated with gutturals. The results elucidate novel voice quality cues associated with pharyngeals. Ju|'hoansi has 89 obstruents, and only 6 sonorants. The sonorants arise through weakening of voiced obstruents in intervocalic position. The alignment of an obstruent to root initial position should be useful to the listener in parsing the root. Clicks, which are the most perceptually salient type of obstruent, are the most frequent sounds found in initial position. A second phonotactic constraint rules out the co-occurrence of a guttural consonant in C1 position with a guttural vowel in V1 position. This constraint is grounded in a more universal phonetic constraint, that there should be sufficient contrast between different paradigmatic positions. Guttural coarticulation leads to voice quality cues on the vowel adjacent to guttural consonants, which are similar to those found on guttural vowels. The co-occurrence of guttural consonants and vowels would lead to ambiguity about the paradigmatic position that is associated with the noise. As a result of having both guttural consonants and vowels, as well as diphthongs in voice quality, Ju|'hoansi has a unique three-way contrast in the timing of aspiration noise, and a three-way contrast in the timing of pharyngeal noise to a single syllable. HNR and H1-H2 associated with guttural consonants and vowels are very similar in the amount and type of noise present. The paradigmatic contrast between consonants and vowels is maintained by the increased VOT associated with guttural consonants. The guttural natural class, which is difficult to define articulatorily (McCarthy, 1994), can be defined with reference to acoustic cues. I propose an acoustically-based [spectral slope] feature that is specified on all gutturals.},
  adviser         = {Beckman, Mary E.},
  bestfn          = {africa\millerockhuizen_juhoansi2001_o.pdf},
  besttxt         = {ptxt2\africa\millerockhuizen_juhoansi2001_o.txt},
  cfn             = {africa\millerockhuizen_juhoansi2001_o.pdf},
  degree          = {PhD},
  delivered       = {africa\millerockhuizen_juhoansi2001_o.pdf},
  digital_formats = {PDF 9.33Mb image-only PDF},
  fn              = {africa\millerockhuizen_juhoansi2001_o.pdf, africa\miller-ockhuizen_guttural2001.pdf},
  hhtype          = {phonology},
  inlg            = {English [eng]},
  isbn            = {9780493341590},
  lgcode          = {Tsumkwe !Xũ = Ju/'hoan [ktz]},
  macro_area      = {Africa},
  source          = {DAI-A 62/08, p. 2745, Feb 2002},
  src             = {hh},
  subject         = {LANGUAGE, LINGUISTICS (0290)},
  umi_id          = {3022548}
}