@article{471435,
  author         = {Matthewson, Lisa},
  journal        = {International Journal of American Linguistics},
  number         = {3},
  pages          = {349–394},
  title          = {Gitksan Modals},
  url            = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/670751},
  volume         = {79},
  year           = {2013},
  abstract       = {This paper provides a description of the modal system of Gitksan (Tsimshianic) and places the Gitksan system within an emerging formal typology of modality. I show that Gitksan encodes distinctions both of modal strength and of modality type. It has one strong circumstantial modal (sgi) and two weak circumstantial modals (da'aḴhlxw and anooḴ), the second of which is specialized for deontic possibility (permission). Within the epistemic domain, modal strength is not distinguished (Peterson 2010). I further argue that Gitksan modals are not inherently future-oriented but instead obtain their future orientation from the overt future marker dim, which appears optionally with epistemic modals and obligatorily with circumstantial ones. [Keywords: modality, tense, aspect, Tsimshianic]},
  citekeys       = {glossa6341:B33},
  doi            = {10.1086/670751},
  isreferencedby = {glossa6341},
  issn           = {0020-7071},
  lgcode         = {Gitxsan [gitx1241]},
  macro_area     = {North America},
  src            = {glossa, haspelmath, langsci}
}